THE COMPASSIONATE CONSUMERS ANIMALS-BASED PRODUCTS

Albumen: derived from eggs from factory farmed hens.
Alcohol: Clarifying agents can be obtained from a variety of sources including gelatin, egg albumin, charcoal made from bones. Alternatives are tannin cellulose, pectinases and fungal protease. Isinglass (fish derivative) may be replaced with bentonite, kaolin and silica gel. Traditional cask beers are usually clarified with isinglass derived from swim bladders of fish. Canned and some bottle beers are filtered without using animal substances. All beers, Kingfisher, Khajurao, charger, kalyani Black label etc., made in India use Isinglass.
Bagpiper, Bagpiper gold and Indian Salute whisky use animal ingredients, as do Roman Vodka and Royal Treasure red and white rums. Local brews like Asha in Rajasthan put dead partridges or small animals to ‘ripen’ the taste. The following brands of alcohol do not contain animal ingredients: Bamboo club and Efkay’s Gin, 3 Stars Queen Brandy, Efkay 3's Whisky, Royal lancer Rum and Whisky. Three feathers and London Dry Gin, Yezdi XXX Rum. Anchovy: a small fish like the herring. Often used as Pizza toping.
Aspic: jelly derived from meat & fish
Ajinomoto: Japanese product made from fish hydrolysate. Similar to mono sodium glutamate, which is made from sugar beet pulp and Wheat gluten.
Breads/buns /rolls: often glazed with eggs, milk, melted fat or oil usually utilizing a pig bristle brush. Oil mixed in a little oil can replace eggs used for coating and glazing. Calcium phosphate of animal origin (bones) is sometimes used to improve dough-making properties of bread. Vegetarian breads are Gardenia White & whole meal breads Oven pick Bread, klassic.
Biscuits: Kwality biscuits use animal-based enzymes. Shramik Foods biscuits contain margarine. Vegetarian brands are parle-G, Glucose, Monaco, Krackjack, Cheese lings.
Caviar: Fish eggs obtained by slitting the Stomach of pregnant sturgeon fish.
Cheese: milk-based. Most foreign cheeses contain calf/ animal rennet (stomach acids obtained by slitting the stomach while still alive) or pepsin, an enzyme derived from a pig’s stomach. Calf rennet is illegal in India. Plant rennet is used instead to make cheese. Non animal rennet is available in India: Meito from Arun & co., Fromase TL from BC Exports Pvt, Ltd., Hannilase, Modilase and Optimo from Essdee Chemocrat.
Kraft cheese contains animal rennet. Amul & Aavin does not. Soya milk can be used instead of milk dairy products to make cheese.
Casein: is the principal protein of milk derived by adding the enzyme rennin (from animal stomach) or an acid. Check with manufacturer.
Chewing Gum: usually made of vegetable gum may contain glycerin, gelatin, stearic acid and emulsifiers of animal origin.
Chips: always fried in animal fat abroad especially in fast food eateries. Packaged Indian crisps must specify cooked in vegetable oils or it should be assumed that they are not. Some crisps use whey (chhas or buttermilk) for flavour. Whey used for industrial food is made from the same process as cheese. So if rennet is used in one, it is used in the other as well.
Chocolate: Commonly used animals ingredients in chocolates are egg white or albumen, eggs lecithin, shellac and gelatin. Toblerone contains egg. and honey as does notmost nougat chocolates. Nestle’s Kit Kat made in London contains calf rennet. Turkish Delight contains gelatine.
Fruit rolls, toffees, marshmallows, jujubes, peppermints usually contain gelatine. parle Extra Strong original peppermints contain gelatine though it is not mentioned on the wrapper. Polo minutes contain beef as stated on one of its foreign wrappers. So do many other sweets especially if manufactured in the Middle East. Smarties contain cochineal. Marzipan may contain eggs. Parle mango bite, Kisme Elaichi and Melody Sweets are vegetarian as are Amul chocolates.
Cooking oil: Vanaspati is produced by hydrogenation of vegetable oil. However it may not be 100% vegetarian because vitamin A&D (of animal origin) are added. Every 100 gm of Vanaspati contains 0.025 gms of these vitamins. Vanaspati is commonly used by many food manufacturers of bakery and confectionery items. Whenever edible vegetable oil’ is stated on the packet, it is vanspati. Vegetarian cooking oils are Sona, Postman, Sunsweet, Mastaan, Ami, AO, Tilola Korn drop, Malkin, Cocoshine, Ruchida, Kripa, Indu, Ashwin, Utsav, Saffola, Dhara, Gemini, Samrat, Cococare, Tez Tilsona,Aurum.
Vegetarian vanspati brands are Rasada, Lion and Ranjit
Custard Power: may contain eggs.
Coffeemate: although it advertises itself as a non-dairy creamer, it contains casein which is a milk derivative.
Confectionery: Glycerol, very likely of animal origin is used to absorb and retain moisture. Cakes and biscuits could contain egg or fish powder: Tarla Dala’s chocolate pie mix contains vanspati. Spicer’s eggless sponge cake is vegetarian. Weikfield’s Caramel pudding mix is vegetarian chidwa, sew, wafers, banana chips nuts could be fried in lard or animal fat inspite of tallow being declared non-edible. Some years ago mutton tallow was even being sold as vanspati.
Cola: may contain ester gums as emulsifer. Ester gum uses glycerol, which can be of animal origin. Coca cola admits that glycerin (could be either animal or vegetarian) is an ingredient.

Dhokla/Haandva/Rava idli/rava dosa: fermented items contain buttermilk. Upma may also .Gits Idli,rava idli, dosa, ravaDosa, Vadai, Dhokla, Khaman Dhokla, pakora, sambar mixes as well as Tarla Dalal’s crispy dosa, idli, khaman dhokla, khata dhokla instant mixes are vegetarian.
Emulsifiers: need not be vegetarian If mentioned in the list of ingredients, check with manufacturer
Escargot: snails.
Foie Gras: Liver of goose fattened by force-feeding.
Flavaourings: Kasturi flavour is actually derived from the musk deer.
Fruit: sometimes decorated with varakh. Sometimes also coated with shellac
Gelatine: obtained by boiling bones, connective tissues, animal skins, tendons, ligaments in water.
Agar: (China grass) dried seaweed or marine algae. This can be used instead of gelatine. Alginates derived from another variety of seaweed can be used instead in ice cream, processed cheese, salad dressing, frozen desserts, cake mixes, puddings, toothpaste etc.
Glycerine/Glycerol: Parallel product of soap industry, it depends on whether the soap is made from animal fat or vegetable oils. Most of the glycerin available is of animal origin. However it can be manufactured from petroleum or fermentation of sugars. Once in its chemical form it cannot be tested to know the source of its origin. Manufacturers never find out the origin of glycerin so it can be considered a substance of animal origin.
Gravy: eggs are often used to thicken gravies and soups. Cornflour or arrowroot flour are an effective substitute for eggs.
Hydrolysed protein: could be from animal fat
Honey: obtained by smoking out and killing thousands of bees. Natural honey does not mean non-violent, it only means that it may not contain additives.
Ice Cream: Could contain eggs and or gelatine obtained from boiling cattle udders, noses and anuses Amul and Baskin Robbins ice-cream is vegetarian.
Icing/frosting: a few drops of glycerin or oil could have been added for extra glaze.
Jam: may contain gelatine.
Jalebi: Buttermilk may have used in the batter.
Jelly: made of gelatine. Some companies make it from vegetable gum and mark it as vegetarian jelly. Weikfield has Vegetarian jelly. Mala’s Jelly is also vegetarian.
Khees :is the first milk produced by the cow or buffalo after having a calf. Although it is essential for the calf, it is consumed by humans. A steamed pudding made from it is called Kharwas in Maharastra and Bari in Gujarat.
Lard: clarified fat of hog.
Lactic Acid: milk derivative.
Lecithin: used as an anti-oxidant and emulsifier can be of either egg or soyabean origin. Check with manufacturer.
Malt extract: could contain 10% glycerol of animal origin. Used as an ingredient in processed foods such as enriched bread an ingredient in processed foods such as enriched bread, chocolates, breakfast cereals.
Margarine: may contain animal fat, fish oil whey, gelatin.
Milk: Milk production necessitates the cow to remain constantly pregnant while her offspring are routinely killed. Alternatives to dairy milk are Soya milk and Nut/seed milk (recipe given below).Yoghurt,paneer and other traditionally milk-based items may be prepared from these alternatives .Spicer’s College product produces spicers Spiso Soya milk and tofu.
Recipe for Basic Nut/Seed Milk
Ingredients: ½ cup nuts /seeds (almonds, cashews, coconuts, 2 tsp sugar syrup (optional), 2-2 ½ cups water.
Preparation: Blend using little water to produce a creamy mix. Continue adding the remaining water and blend for several minutes before straining through a thin cloth. Sweeteners like brown sugar, jaggery or soaked raisins can be added.
Recipe for Soya Milk
Ingredients: ¼ kg whole Soya beans, 8 glasses water.
Preparation: Soak Soya beans for 12 hours in water. Wash thoroughly and grind in the mixer with a little water to form a thick paste. Add 2 glasses of water and blend well. Then sieve it through a fine screen. Put the pulp left in the sieve back into the mixer and grind further with 2 glasses of water, repeat this till almost all the pulp has been sieved through. Throw away the little residue. Then put the liquid on the fire and keep stirring all the time till it boils. The liquid will rise just like milk. Reduce the flame and continue to stir. Boil for 20 minutes. Then serve hot or chilled. Can be used like milk in tea/coffee/breakfast cereals and so on.
Mithai: often covered with varakh. vanaspati is used to make laddoos, Mysore pak etc. since it is cheaper than pure ghee. Barfi contains milk.
Mousse: contains gelatine
Naans/Parathas/Bhaturas/Kulchas :eggs or yoghurt are often mixed in the dough.
Noodles: usually contain eggs. Some contain honey as well. Egg less noodles are available. Leong Hakka Vega noodles are vegetarian.
Pau Bhajj: Butter is a always used unless specifically instructed.
Pizza: Always topped with cheese unless specifically instructed.
Pastry: Eggs are added to baked products because they cause the dough to rise. Soda water, baking soda,soda bicarbonate or a mixture of vinegar and baking soda can be used instead of eggs for baking.
Paan masala/Chewing tobacco/supari: can contain varakh, kasturi.
Riboflavin: commonly used as a coloring agent (orange-yellow) is obtained from egg yolk, liver milk. It can also be derived from green leafy vegetables. Check with the manufacturer.
Shortening: Unless it says otherwise, this contains animal fat.
Soups: Gits vegetable soup packets are vegetarian.
Shellac/Lac: A lac is 100,000 and that many lakh insects are killed for 333 grams of shellac. It is particularly used in confectionary such as chocolate e.g. Cadbury’s Gems and nutties. It is used for bangles and envelope seals.
Soufflés/meringues/mousses/trifle and most puddings: may contain eggs and/or gelatine . 1 tablespoon of flax seeds and ½ cup of water blended together until the mixture is thick can replace egg white.
Sea asparagus/sea cucumber: marine creatures
Shark’s fin: used for soup obtained by cutting off the shark’s fin and leaving the wounded fish to die.
White Sugar: is vegetarian in India. Abroad, refined sugar usually involves the bone char filter process using cow bones. USA has switched from bone char to the vegetarian ION-exchange process. Molasses is vegetarian but other sweetening syrups may be processed with pork fat or animal origin glycerin.
Varak or Silver Foil: made by placing thin metal strips between the steaming intestines of a freshly slaughtered animal .The metal is intensely pounded between the ox-gut and the sheets then carefully transferred between special paper for marketing. It is estimated that the varakh consumed on mithai alone by an average family per year would represent the use of ox-guts of 3 cows/bulls.
Worcester Sauce: may or may not contain anchovies.
Wine: ox-blood, bone marrow/fat, chitin, egg white, egg albumin, fish oil, gelatine, isinglass, milk, milk casein may all be used to clarify ‘fine’ wines.

1.	THE COMPASSIONATE CONSUMERS ANIMALS-BASED PRODUCTS AND WHAT TO DO ABOUT THEM
2.	LISTING OF ANIMAL BASED PRODUCTS FOOD
3.	COSMETICS & TOILETERIES
4.	MEDICINES
5.	CLOTHING
6.	HOUSEHOLD ITEMS
7.	LUXURY ITEMS


THE COMPASSIONATE CONSUMERS ANIMALS-BASED PRODUCTS AND WHAT TO DO ABOUT THEM
	Your choice as a consumer affects the lives (and death) of millions of animals. By consciously avoiding the use of animal based products you not only save animal lives, you set an example to others and eventually force manufactures to use alternatives. When you buy animal based products you are consciously supporting and promoting the exploitation of animals. There are many products in the market that are ostensibly vegetarian but in fact contain animal based ingredients. It is therefore necessary to both recognize them yourself as well as alert others to them .You should also examine the packaging e.g. jewellery may not contain animal parts but if it comes in a silk-lined leather box, be sure to state your objection, refuse the packaging and deduct the cost of it from your purchase. How to raise consciousness about animal-based products – The most common category with animal products is food Products. Write to leading manufactures asking if their Products contain animal parts and also that this information should be clearly mentioned on the label. Get as many signatures as you can to these letters. In a country where a large percentage of thepopulation is vegetarian by the religion, and conviction, it is vital to have this information available so that people do not violate their faith unknowingly. Under the law, manufactures are obliged to respond as this is part of your right as a consumer. – Put together a list of common items that contain animal ingredients and circulate it to societies, temples, animal welfare groups, schools, and so on. If you can make an attractive poster of this list, you can ask shops to display it in the store. – Involve the media in this campaign. Distribute the list to newspapers, magazins and TV station. Find sympathetic media people who will cover the issue. Continue to write letters to the media on the subject. Target women’s magazines for detailed coverage. – Meet retailers associations and request that since products do not carry labels, shops should have separate vegetarian and non-vegetarian sections or stickers to mark products. Provide them copies of list of non-vegetarian items. – Publicise alternatives to the non-vegetarian product and Manufactures within that products category whose products do not contain animal parts. – When eating out be sure to inform the management that you are vegetarian/vegan. Point out if theVegetarian section is inadequate. If you are vegan carefully explain to the Waiter that apart from no meat and eggs, you do not want any cream, yoghurt, butter, ghee or cheese either in or on your food. Since the avoidance of dairy produce is relatively new in India you will need to stress the point to avoid mix-ups from force of habit. Always confirm the vegetarianness of the dish before ordering and again before consuming.
LISTING OF ANIMAL BASED PRODUCTS FOOD
	Albumen: derived from eggs from factory farmed hens. Alcohol: Clarifying agents can be obtained from a variety of sources including gelatin, egg albumin, charcoal made from bones. Alternatives are tannin cellulose, pectinases and fungal protease. Isinglass (fish derivative) may be replaced with bentonite, kaolin and silica gel. Traditional cask beers are usually clarified with isinglass derived from swim bladders of fish. Canned and some bottle beers are filtered without using animal substances. All beers, Kingfisher, Khajurao, charger, kalyani Black label etc., made in India use Isinglass. Bagpiper, Bagpiper gold and Indian Salute whisky use animal ingredients, as do Roman Vodka and Royal Treasure red and white rums. Local brews like Asha in Rajasthan put dead partridges or small animals to ‘ripen’ the taste. The following brands of alcohol do not contain animal ingredients: Bamboo club and Efkay’s Gin, 3 Stars Queen Brandy, Efkay 3's Whisky, Royal lancer Rum and Whisky. Three feathers and London Dry Gin, Yezdi XXX Rum. Anchovy: a small fish like the herring. Often used as Pizza toping. Aspic: jelly derived from meat & fish Ajinomoto: Japanese product made from fish hydrolysate. Similar to mono sodium glutamate, which is made from sugar beet pulp and Wheat gluten. Breads/buns /rolls: often glazed with eggs, milk, melted fat or oil usually utilizing a pig bristle brush. Oil mixed in a little oil can replace eggs used for coating and glazing. Calcium phosphate of animal origin (bones) is sometimes used to improve dough-making properties of bread. Vegetarian breads are Gardenia White & whole meal breads Oven pick Bread, klassic. Biscuits: Kwality biscuits use animal-based enzymes. Shramik Foods biscuits contain margarine. Vegetarian brands are parle-G, Glucose, Monaco, Krackjack, Cheese lings. Caviar: Fish eggs obtained by slitting the Stomach of pregnant sturgeon fish. Cheese: milk-based. Most foreign cheeses contain calf/ animal rennet (stomach acids obtained by slitting the stomach while still alive) or pepsin, an enzyme derived from a pig’s stomach. Calf rennet is illegal in India. Plant rennet is used instead to make cheese. Non animal rennet is available in India: Meito from Arun & co., Fromase TL from BC Exports Pvt, Ltd., Hannilase, Modilase and Optimo from Essdee Chemocrat. Kraft cheese contains animal rennet. Amul & Aavin does not. Soya milk can be used instead of milk dairy products to make cheese. Casein: is the principal protein of milk derived by adding the enzyme rennin (from animal stomach) or an acid. Check with manufacturer. Chewing Gum: usually made of vegetable gum may contain glycerin, gelatin, stearic acid and emulsifiers of animal origin. Chips: always fried in animal fat abroad especially in fast food eateries. Packaged Indian crisps must specify cooked in vegetable oils or it should be assumed that they are not. Some crisps use whey (chhas or buttermilk) for flavour. Whey used for industrial food is made from the same process as cheese. So if rennet is used in one, it is used in the other as well. Chocolate: Commonly used animals ingredients in chocolates are egg white or albumen, eggs lecithin, shellac and gelatin. Toblerone contains egg. and honey as does notmost nougat chocolates. Nestle’s Kit Kat made in London contains calf rennet. Turkish Delight contains gelatine. Fruit rolls, toffees, marshmallows, jujubes, peppermints usually contain gelatine. parle Extra Strong original peppermints contain gelatine though it is not mentioned on the wrapper. Polo minutes contain beef as stated on one of its foreign wrappers. So do many other sweets especially if manufactured in the Middle East. Smarties contain cochineal. Marzipan may contain eggs. Parle mango bite, Kisme Elaichi and Melody Sweets are vegetarian as are Amul chocolates. Cooking oil: Vanaspati is produced by hydrogenation of vegetable oil. However it may not be 100% vegetarian because vitamin A&D (of animal origin) are added. Every 100 gm of Vanaspati contains 0.025 gms of these vitamins. Vanaspati is commonly used by many food manufacturers of bakery and confectionery items. Whenever edible vegetable oil’ is stated on the packet, it is vanspati. Vegetarian cooking oils are Sona, Postman, Sunsweet, Mastaan, Ami, AO, Tilola Korn drop, Malkin, Cocoshine, Ruchida, Kripa, Indu, Ashwin, Utsav, Saffola, Dhara, Gemini, Samrat, Cococare, Tez Tilsona,Aurum. Vegetarian vanspati brands are Rasada, Lion and Ranjit Custard Power: may contain eggs. Coffeemate: although it advertises itself as a non-dairy creamer, it contains casein which is a milk derivative. Confectionery: Glycerol, very likely of animal origin is used to absorb and retain moisture. Cakes and biscuits could contain egg or fish powder: Tarla Dala’s chocolate pie mix contains vanspati. Spicer’s eggless sponge cake is vegetarian. Weikfield’s Caramel pudding mix is vegetarian chidwa, sew, wafers, banana chips nuts could be fried in lard or animal fat inspite of tallow being declared non-edible. Some years ago mutton tallow was even being sold as vanspati. Cola: may contain ester gums as emulsifer. Ester gum uses glycerol, which can be of animal origin. Coca cola admits that glycerin (could be either animal or vegetarian) is an ingredient. Dhokla/Haandva/Rava idli/rava dosa: fermented items contain buttermilk. Upma may also .Gits Idli,rava idli, dosa, ravaDosa, Vadai, Dhokla, Khaman Dhokla, pakora, sambar mixes as well as Tarla Dalal’s crispy dosa, idli, khaman dhokla, khata dhokla instant mixes are vegetarian. Emulsifiers: need not be vegetarian If mentioned in the list of ingredients, check with manufacturer Escargot: snails. Foie Gras: Liver of goose fattened by force-feeding. Flavaourings: Kasturi flavour is actually derived from the musk deer. Fruit: sometimes decorated with varakh. Sometimes also coated with shellac Gelatine: obtained by boiling bones, connective tissues, animal skins, tendons, ligaments in water. Agar: (China grass) dried seaweed or marine algae. This can be used instead of gelatine. Alginates derived from another variety of seaweed can be used instead in ice cream, processed cheese, salad dressing, frozen desserts, cake mixes, puddings, toothpaste etc. Glycerine/Glycerol: Parallel product of soap industry, it depends on whether the soap is made from animal fat or vegetable oils. Most of the glycerin available is of animal origin. However it can be manufactured from petroleum or fermentation of sugars. Once in its chemical form it cannot be tested to know the source of its origin. Manufacturers never find out the origin of glycerin so it can be considered a substance of animal origin. Gravy: eggs are often used to thicken gravies and soups. Cornflour or arrowroot flour are an effective substitute for eggs. Hydrolysed protein: could be from animal fat Honey: obtained by smoking out and killing thousands of bees. Natural honey does not mean non-violent, it only means that it may not contain additives. Ice Cream: Could contain eggs and or gelatine obtained from boiling cattle udders, noses and anuses Amul and Baskin Robbins ice-cream is vegetarian. Icing/frosting: a few drops of glycerin or oil could have been added for extra glaze. Jam: may contain gelatine. Jalebi: Buttermilk may have used in the batter. Jelly: made of gelatine. Some companies make it from vegetable gum and mark it as vegetarian jelly. Weikfield has Vegetarian jelly. Mala’s Jelly is also vegetarian. Khees :is the first milk produced by the cow or buffalo after having a calf. Although it is essential for the calf, it is consumed by humans. A steamed pudding made from it is called Kharwas in Maharastra and Bari in Gujarat. Lard: clarified fat of hog. Lactic Acid: milk derivative. Lecithin: used as an anti-oxidant and emulsifier can be of either egg or soyabean origin. Check with manufacturer. Malt extract: could contain 10% glycerol of animal origin. Used as an ingredient in processed foods such as enriched bread an ingredient in processed foods such as enriched bread, chocolates, breakfast cereals. Margarine: may contain animal fat, fish oil whey, gelatin. Milk: Milk production necessitates the cow to remain constantly pregnant while her offspring are routinely killed. Alternatives to dairy milk are Soya milk and Nut/seed milk (recipe given below).Yoghurt,paneer and other traditionally milk-based items may be prepared from these alternatives .Spicer’s College product produces spicers Spiso Soya milk and tofu. Recipe for Basic Nut/Seed Milk Ingredients: ½ cup nuts /seeds (almonds, cashews, coconuts, 2 tsp sugar syrup (optional), 2-2 ½ cups water. Preparation: Blend using little water to produce a creamy mix. Continue adding the remaining water and blend for several minutes before straining through a thin cloth. Sweeteners like brown sugar, jaggery or soaked raisins can be added. Recipe for Soya Milk Ingredients: ¼ kg whole Soya beans, 8 glasses water. Preparation: Soak Soya beans for 12 hours in water. Wash thoroughly and grind in the mixer with a little water to form a thick paste. Add 2 glasses of water and blend well. Then sieve it through a fine screen. Put the pulp left in the sieve back into the mixer and grind further with 2 glasses of water, repeat this till almost all the pulp has been sieved through. Throw away the little residue. Then put the liquid on the fire and keep stirring all the time till it boils. The liquid will rise just like milk. Reduce the flame and continue to stir. Boil for 20 minutes. Then serve hot or chilled. Can be used like milk in tea/coffee/breakfast cereals and so on. Mithai: often covered with varakh. vanaspati is used to make laddoos, Mysore pak etc. since it is cheaper than pure ghee. Barfi contains milk. Mousse: contains gelatine Naans/Parathas/Bhaturas/Kulchas :eggs or yoghurt are often mixed in the dough. Noodles: usually contain eggs. Some contain honey as well. Egg less noodles are available. Leong Hakka Vega noodles are vegetarian. Pau Bhajj: Butter is a always used unless specifically instructed. Pizza: Always topped with cheese unless specifically instructed. Pastry: Eggs are added to baked products because they cause the dough to rise. Soda water, baking soda,soda bicarbonate or a mixture of vinegar and baking soda can be used instead of eggs for baking. Paan masala/Chewing tobacco/supari: can contain varakh, kasturi. Riboflavin: commonly used as a coloring agent (orange-yellow) is obtained from egg yolk, liver milk. It can also be derived from green leafy vegetables. Check with the manufacturer. Shortening: Unless it says otherwise, this contains animal fat. Soups: Gits vegetable soup packets are vegetarian. Shellac/Lac: A lac is 100,000 and that many lakh insects are killed for 333 grams of shellac. It is particularly used in confectionary such as chocolate e.g. Cadbury’s Gems and nutties. It is used for bangles and envelope seals. Soufflés/meringues/mousses/trifle and most puddings: may contain eggs and/or gelatine . 1 tablespoon of flax seeds and ½ cup of water blended together until the mixture is thick can replace egg white. Sea asparagus/sea cucumber: marine creatures Shark’s fin: used for soup obtained by cutting off the shark’s fin and leaving the wounded fish to die. White Sugar: is vegetarian in India. Abroad, refined sugar usually involves the bone char filter process using cow bones. USA has switched from bone char to the vegetarian ION-exchange process. Molasses is vegetarian but other sweetening syrups may be processed with pork fat or animal origin glycerin. Varak or Silver Foil: made by placing thin metal strips between the steaming intestines of a freshly slaughtered animal .The metal is intensely pounded between the ox-gut and the sheets then carefully transferred between special paper for marketing. It is estimated that the varakh consumed on mithai alone by an average family per year would represent the use of ox-guts of 3 cows/bulls. Worcester Sauce: may or may not contain anchovies. Wine: ox-blood, bone marrow/fat, chitin, egg white, egg albumin, fish oil, gelatine, isinglass, milk, milk casein may all be used to clarify ‘fine’ wines.
COSMETICS & TOILETERIES
	Note: Products marked Herbal. Natural, pure Real or Genuine may also contain animal ingredients. Alta: used for painting hands and feet, may contain lac. Allantoin: uric acid cattle. Used in creams and lotions. Beeswax: Wax from a broom shrub of Argentina called Retama is a substitute for beeswax. Bindi: Animal glue may be used as adhesive. Chitin: Organic base of hard parts of beetles, crabs, lobsters. Used in conditioners, skin care products and shampoos. Collagen: Slaughterhouse product made from animal connective tissue. Used in moisturising creams. Vita F cream and Talc contains collagen. Contraceptive Condoms: made from sheep intestines. Cream: may contain testicular extract, amino acids and connective tissue of animals. Dental Floss: could be coated with beeswax. Elastin: Animal protein from slaughterhouse. Used in moisturisers. Emery Board: used for filing nails. May contain animal glue. Fatty acids: Widely used slaughterhouse ingredient. Glycerin/Glycerol: from soap .If soap uses tallow, the glycerin is non-vegetarian .So it can be either animal-based or vegetarian. Used as an emulsifier in creams and lotions. Henna hair paste: usually mixed with egg yolk and milk. Kajal: Can contain estrogen or stearate Keratin: Animal protein from wool of slaughterhouse. Used in hair and nail conditioners, hair sprays. Lanolin: Fatty matter from wool of sheep. Used in lipsticks, creams & soaps. Lip sealer: may contain shellac Moisturisers: may contain serum albumen, udder and umbilical extract. Vaseline is vegetarian. Perfume: Fixatives may include civet, must (3 ounces of musk comes from killing 1000 muskrats) and ambergris from whales. Shahnaz Husain’s floral body deodorant is vegetarian .Oil extracts from jasmine, lavender, mogra, rose, sandalwood can be used in small quantities instead of perfume. Pristane: obtained from shark liver oil and whales. Used as a lubricant and preservative in cosmetics. Shaving Brushes: Colgate and Palmolive shaving brushes are vegetarian. Stearic Acid: a by product of the soap industry, is more likely to be of animal than vegetable origin, Used as emollient in soap, cream, lotions, lipstick, pressed powder and cream shampoos. Shampoo: can contain vitamin B complex possibly of animal origin e.g. Pantene & clinic. Other ingredients may be chicken feathers, Spanish fly and ox spleen. Sansheel and Shahnaz Husain hair products are vegetarian as are Nature’s Way Shampoo, Radiance Amla& Shikakai Shampoo, Silkesha Ayurveda shampoo. Soap: Most likely contains tallow from the slaughterhouse. Shikakai & Neha sandal soaps utilise tallow. Pampa liquid soap and liquid disinfectant are vegetarian .So is Naulakha washing soap, Marvel, Shikakai, Cinthol international, Scent Fresh, Lime Fresh, Ganga Blue, Crowning Glory and A1 from Godrej,Gulabsingh Johrimal’s Amber, Jasmine , Khus, Musk Patchouli Ratrani, Rose Sandal, Mysore Sandal, Mysore Lavender, Carbolic, jasmine and Rose Nirma Lime and Bath soap, Chandrika , and Shahnaz Husain’s range of soaps. Silk oil and silk powder: by product of silk industry. Used in hair and skin moisturising products, styling mousses and face powders. Suntan lotions: usually contain turtle oil. Tallow Compounds: allows from the slaughterhouse. Used as an emulsifier. Toothpaste/tooth powders: contain bone ash or calcium phosphate mostly of animal origin. Babool and promise Toothpaste utilise glycerin as does Dabur Dental care herbal toothpaste.Vegetarial toothpastes include Amar, Smile –2, Promise Tooth Powder, Parle, Prudent, Vicco Vajradanti.
MEDICINES
	Adrenal Cortex injection: used for Addison’s disease. It is made from adrenal glands of domestic animals. Allantoin: Contains cow’s urine used in treatment of wounds and ulcers. Arachidonic acid: Animal liver, brain and glandular organs used in treatment of infant eczema, dermatitis. Ayurveda: Although it uses medicinal plants it also uses animal derived substances such as honey, peacock feathers, civet cat semen, shellac, coral etc. Asthma Cure: Live mussel swallowed together with some herbal preparation. Vegetarian swallow banana or jaggery instead. Bile extract: Ox liver. Biotin: Liver, Kidney, and Pancreas, egg yolk Catgut: made from the intestines of ox, pig cattle, sheep and fish. Johnson & Johnson makes Synthetic sutures called Vycril. Nylon thread my also be used. A new method of healing without sutures has also been develop. It uses a herbal solution applied to the wound, adhesive spread on the sides and edges taped together with a transparent adhesive taped. Healing occurs in 10 days. Capsules: In India all capsules are made from gelatine. Vegetarian capsules (vegicaps, NuVeg, capsules for Ecology and CasEco) are manufactured and used aboard. The technology has been refused by Indian manufactures. Calcium Phosphate: Animal bones Calcium Sterate: can be of animal origin. Codliver oil :Liver of codfish. Estrogent:Urine of pregnant mares .Non-animal estrogen drugs can be made from yams. Heparin: lungs and intestinal mucosa of pig and cattle. Homeopathy: All pills and powders contain lactose. Many also contain animal derivatives such as Blatta Orientalis, which contains cockroach. Haemoglobin or iron tonics: Blood of slaughterhouse buffaloes e.g,. Dexorange, Hemfen, Ferico, Hepp Forte, Hepatoglobin, Cherisyrup, Globiran, Hemfast, HB Rich, HI-FE syrup, Zen globin .The Supreme Court banned the use of bovine-extracted haemoglobin in August 1999 but Pharmaceutical companies obtained a 6 month stay. Check bottle label to see if is manufactured from blood or from salt /ferric ammonium citrate. Insulin: pancreas of cow, bull, ox, sheep, swine or whale. Human Insulin marketed as Humulin has been developed abroad. Pancreatin: Pancreas of hog. Pepsin: Glandular layer of hog stomach. Posterior pituitary injection: Dried lobe of pituitary glands of domestic animals. Riboflavin Injection: liver, eggs Shark liver oil: Liver of shark Sodium glycocholate: Ox bile Tiger balm: Does not contain any tiger fat. Is of plant and mineral origin. Thrombo-plastin:Brain/lung tissue of rabbits Trypsin: pancreas of ox. Tribal medicine: uses birds. rabbits, mongoose, jackal, lion, deer, reptiles, fish, insects, earthworms, crabs, leeches, molluscs and eggs. Vitamins: Vitamin A can be animal based from cod, shark halibut. This can be got from carrots and leafy vegetables. Vit B can be got from plant or animal sources. Vitamin C is only from Plants: Vitamins D is always of animal origin. Venper, Vengain & venfit: Made of comminuted chicken and egg powder and promoted as a nutritional health supplement by Venkateshwara Group X-ray film: like photographic film, contains gelatine.
CLOTHING
	It is common practice within the textile industry to use mutton tallow in the sizing process. NOCIFIN SL-100 manufactured by National Organic Chemical Industries Ltd (NOCIL) is a non-animal substitute that can be used for processing cotton, synthetic, viscose rayon and polynosic yarns. Silk: Silk is made by boiling or steaming alive billions of baby silk moths. To produce 100 grams of silk, approximately 1500 chrysalis have to die. Apart from apparel, silk is used for embroidery thread, lampshades, furnishings, ribbons, strings on which jewellery is threaded, and surgical sutures. A non-animal fiber for surgical stitches called Katselon has been developed in Russia which could be developed and used here. Silk is woven into different materials as well as used by itself. 100% silk materials are Boski, Khadi silk, organza, pure chiffon pure crepe, pure gaji, pure georgette, Pure satin, raw silk, matka silk. For gold zari, silk yarn is almost always used. Man made material that look like silk are known as Artificial Silk (Art Silk).These include rayon(viscose), nylon, polyester. It is possible to make chiffon, chinon , crepe, gagi, georgette, satin, tabby, taffeta and velvet from man-made fibres. Polyester brocade sarees have been woven and given a demand for them, can be commercially produced. Eri silk is the only natural silk that does not necessitate the killing of silk moths. Enquires and orders may be directed to Shri Ravindra Upadhyaya, Tamulpur Anchalik,Gramda Sangh,PO Kumarikata, Dist Nalbari, Assam –781360, Tel:0361- 522344, Fax:610106. Leather: Leather is not a by product of the meat industry. As the largest manufacturer in the world, the Indian leather Industry kills animals for their hide. Nor is there any such things as Ahinsak leather. khadi Bhandar and other such outlets procure their leather primarily from dairies. This incriminates both industries, proving that dairy kills as many if not more animals than even meat. The average shoe uses several animals' skins: tough cattle hide for the sole, thinner tanned and processed calf leather for the upper, and still thinner goat lining for the inside. Leather is also made from dogs and rats. Snake, crocodile and other exotic leather is banned in India, Buyers and Sellers can be reported under the Wildlife protection Act, 1972. Alternatives include jute, rubber, plastic, rexene, synthetic leather and canvas which is light, washable, inexpensive and not a petroleum based product like synthetic leather. Wool: Australia supplies 80% of the world’s wool. Merion sheep are specially bred to have wrinkly skin resulting in extra wool production but often causing death due to heatstroke. Shearers work fast and frequently nick the animals. When wool output lessens, the animals are shipped live to the Middle East for slaughter. They travel tightly packed into ships for over a month with a majority dying from injury and disease en route In India too, once they no longer produce enough wool to be economical, sheep are sold for slaughter. The meat and wool industry are interdependent-wool is not a by product of the mutton trade. Alternatives to wool are acrylic and other synthetic fibres. Tencel a new man-made fiber is extremely soft and biodegradeable. The majority of suiting material contains wool. Major producers are DCM, Digjam, Dinesh, Grasim, Mayur, OCM, Raymond , S. Kumars, Siyaram and Vimal. The term worsted refers to fabrics that contain wool. Non wool (acrylic) suitings are Sandsilk and Sand wash. Angora: hair of Angora goat called Mohair or the light hair of the Angora rabbit. Astrakhan: Wavy fur made from wool of young lambs. Cashmere: Fine downy wool growing beneath the outer hair of the Kashmir goat. Flannel: soft woven cloth of wool and cotton. An alternative is Flanellette which is cotton cloth processed to resemble flannel. Gabardine: a twilled cloth made of wool. Ghongri: A jute like fabric woven from goat hair used by hill people. Mohair: wool from the Turkish Angora goat. Shalloon: a lightweight wool used for coat lining Karakul: It is tightly curled wool of a still born lamb whose mother has been beaten on the stomach to abort. Both the mother and child are killed in the process. The wool is used to make caps worn usually by Kashmiris. Synthetic karakul caps may be made such as the one former Prime Minister VP Singh adopted after he learned about the horrific cruelty associated with karakul. Feathers: Sometimes plucked from live, conscious birds. In case of peacocks, birds are poached and killed since the industry needs a steady supply. Under the wildlife protection Act 1972, it is illegal to trade or own bird feathers or articles made from them. As far as peacock feathers are concerned, the presumption must be that the feathers have been obtained from a peacock, which has been hunted or kept in captivity. Both are illegal. Fur: Possibly the cruellest industry in the world. Animals are caught in traps that fasten onto their limbs. The animal dies of bloodloss, gangrene, hunger, shock and trauma over many hours. Fur is used for hats, gloves, coats, shoes, purses etc. Since wild animals may no longer be used in India, rabbits are being farmed for slaughter. They are killed by strangulation, gas or electrocution so the fur is not damaged. Rabbit fur items include the small decorations sold at road intersections to hang in the car. Shahtoosh: Is the hair from the chiru or Tibetan antelope killed to make the Shahtoosh shawal. Kashmir is the only place in the world where these shawls are made. They are banned both in India and abroad. It is illegal to wear or even possess one unless it is registered with the Wildlife Office.
HOUSEHOLD ITEMS
	Agarbattis: The adhesive used is usually of animal origin. The perfume could also contain a fixative of animal origin e.g. a fixative called Nakhla (made of mussels) is commonly used. Some manufacturers utilizes casein in place of gelatine during the monsoon. Some agarbattis contain honey. Batik: Involves the use of beeswax Bath Sponge: This is a living organism taken from the sea, Killed, dried and sold as scrubber. Billiards/card tables: covered with woollen material Bone China and China: Contains 50% ash of ox bones. Melamine and glass crockery are animal-free. La Opala crockery is animal-free. Candles: Usually made of paraffin but could be beeswax or tallow. Carpets: may contain wool silk. Sheep skin is also used as a rug. Cochineal is used to dye Persian rugs. Alternatives are cotton and jute dhurries or synthetic silk carpets Cricket balls: made of leather and sewn with pig hair. Produced for the whole world in India and Pakistan. A non-animal substitute has been produced by PETA (People for the Ethical Treatments of Animals) which is encouraging teams to test and use them. Choona: In Kerala choona is made out of baked sea shells. This baked choona is called ithil. Colour dyes, Paints/ Pigments: Could be of animal origin. Chitin from shrimps and carbs could be used as a dyeing aid. A reddish dye called Tyrian purple is obtained from the bodies of certain moluscs, another dye is obtained from snails. Dyes from insects like lac, cochineal and kermes are all in red. A reddish brown pigment called sepia is prepared from cuttlefish. The yellow dye, Quinoline use glycerol in its preparation. Many paints contain fish oils. Tempera painting uses pigment mixed with egg. Oil pastels contain animal fat. Wax crayons contain beeswax. Chamois leather: Soft hide of small mountain antelope or young sheep. Could also be dog skin. Is used for cleaning, rubbing, polishing brass, silverware, vehicles, spectacles and to filter aviation fuel. Cutlery handles: Often made of bone, horn or shells Drums/musical instruments: tablas and other percussion instruments use the skins of various animals e.g. iguana, buffalo ,goat, deer, cat etc. Most modern percussion instruments are made with non-animal skin. Dice/gambling chips: may be coated with shellac. Ecoboard: is a woodfree particle board made from bagasse bound with non-animal resin. Emer boards/sandpaper: may contain animal glue Floor polish: Beeswax, Shellac Furniture: leather upholshery,as little as 18 square feet of hide comes from a single average sized animal. Furniture Polish: May contain shellac e.g. french polish is a solution of shellac dissolved in methanol. A homemade alternative may be prepared by mixing 3 parts olive oil with one part vinegar or one part lemon juice with two parts olive oil. Shoe polish usually contains beeswax and other animal substances. Fertilisers: may contain ground bones (bone meal). Dried blood, fish and poultry waste. Khaitan Khad is a vegetarian fertiliser. Glue: Manufactured from hide cuttings. Fish glue comes from the Grunt/ghol and Threadfish/dara fishes. Binding glue used for binding books and ledgers uses a form of gelatine which comes in hard slabs.Made from horns , hooves and glycerine, the slabs are melted in hot water and used. Casein is used in waterproof gules. No animal alternatives are available or can be made locally from rice, maize or cornflower paste. Postage gum is edible gum arabic of plant origin. Rubber based adhesives do not contain animal substances. Grease, Lubricants, Oil: Contain mutton tallow. Porpoise /sperm whale oil is used as a lubricant in high precision instruments like watches (except Quartz watches) and in aircraft. Jojoba oil is a substitute for whale oil. Luggage/briefcases/jewellery cases/wallets: could be made of leather. A leather briefcase is made of leather about 5 ½ square feet of skin representing 30% hide of a single cow plus the entire skin of 3 small goats used for the inner lining and compartments. Paper: Handmade paper can contain silk /wool/leather rags, animal bones, gelatine etc. Up to 15% glycerin is added to cellophane /gelatine paper to render it pliable. BOPP (biaxially oriented polypropylene) paper is a non-animal replacement. Butter/wax paper could contain animal substances. Art paper may contain gelatin for a glossy surface. Pearl Glow coated art paper is vegetarian. Metalised papers are prepared by coating with shellac and then spattering with aluminum. Paints/shoe brushes: are always made from pig/hog bristles. The hair are pulled out in clumps from fully conscious animals. Indian sable brushes are made from mongoose hair. Camel, goat and squirrel hair is also used. Fine artwork brushes use hair from the squirrel’s tail for which thousands of squirrels are killed. Camlin brushes are made of goat hair, imported sable hair and hog bristles. Shellac is used in the making. Photographic Film: uses gelatine. Kodak buys 80 million pounds of cattle bones every year to produce gelatine for film. Alternatives include digital cameras whose images are printed from the computer. Plastcine: contains animal tallow. Pillows/quilts: may be stuffed with feather, goosedown, Cotton simbal (silk cotton from the tree) and filling materials like Comforel (polyester fiber) are effective replacements. Printing: Some printing inks contain glycerin. The printing of bank cheques always involves glycerin as it is added to the background printing ink. Till recently screen-printing used silk screens but these have now been replaced with polyester and stainless steel. Simulated engraving for letterheads, visiting card could use shellac. Racquets: Badminton and tennis requests used to use catgut (animal intestines – maybe pig or ox) but now nylon string is favoured. However the handle grip may be leather affixed with animal glue. Safety matches: all matches contain animal based adhesives on the head of the stick and on the striking strip on the box. In the monsoon this is substituted with casein derived from milk using acid. Wimco Home lights use casein throughout the year. Shuttlecocks: are made from duck- wing feather as well as leather, gelatine and animal glue. White duck wing feathers are smuggled into India from Bangladesh daily. Sealing wax: Lac is used for red sealing wax. Beeswax is used for sealing bottles and jars. Hologram stickers can be used in place of lack and paraffin wax instead of beeswax. Tyres: animal tallow is used as a releasing agent in the manufacture of rubber tyres. .
LUXURY ITEMS
	Coral: Coral reefs sustain colonies of millions of tiny animals called coral polyps. They grow at an extremely slow rate of 1 to 2 cm a year. Mining destroys the work of centuries in a matter of hours and kills a multitude of sea creatures. Coral is used as Jewellery, in acquires and in some ayurvedic medicines. Pearls: It could take as many as 100,000 oysters to produce a single pearl necklace. Pearls are produced by making an incision into the oyster’s soft body, and putting some gravel inside (this gravel is a bit of shell/tissue from a freshly sacrificed life). Imagine the pain of a splinter in your finger and then multiply that many times over to understand the pearl oyster’s continuous agony. An oyster is liable to die while being incised, and stands only a 10% chance of surviving the 7 years till the one single pearl is formed. Only 40% of the pearls obtained are marketable and only 5% perfectly spherical. Each and every pearl represents hundreds of thousands of shells being opened up and discarded killing that oysters. Apart from jewellery, mother of pearl is often used on decorative items. Lacoste Polo shirts use buttons made of mother of pearl. Enamel/Meenakari: involves firing a special decorative paint, which contains varnish or resin. The paint, varnish or resin could contain animal substances. Lac/Shellac: used for bangles and handicrafts. Shells: Used as temple conches, buttons, jewellery and assorted trinkets. Each shell is the home of a living marine creature known as a mollusc. The shell are dredged from the ocean bed and boiled alive to kill animal inside before drying and selling commercially. Bishnupura Terracotta conch shells available at the Central Cottage Industries Emporium blow like real conch shells and sound like them. Scrimshaw: this is the art of intricately carving and decorating whalebone/tooth, ivory or shell. Musk: obtained by killing the musk deer. For more information on the cruelty free products you can contact: Beauty Without Cruelty, 4 prince of Wales Drive,Wanowrie. Pune 4110404. Tel (91- 20) 840321, Fax: 840312. Vegetarian Resource Group, P.O.Box 1463,Baltimore, MD 71703. USA. Tel (410) 3668343. The National Anti-Vivisection Society 53 W Jackson Boulevard, Suite 1552, Chicgo.II. 60604.USA. Tel:(800)888 NAVS. e-mail: navs@navs.org: Web-site www.navs.org Jiv Daya Resource Center, 10950 Caminito Arcada, San Diego, California 92131, USA. Telefax: 619-530-9113. e-mail: NarendraSheth@JivDaya.org Animal Alliance of Canada, 221 Broadview Avenue,# 101, Toronto, ON M4M 203,Canada. Tel:(416)4629541. Fax: ( 416) 4629647. Toronto Vegetarian Association, 736 Bathurst St., Toronto, Ontario M5S2R4, Canada. People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, 501 Front Street, Norfolk, VA 23510,USA. Email: peta@norfolk.infi.net .

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